Cities are the places where the change in climate is most evident. As it is known, buildings, roads, industrial areas are very densely located in cities. Different local climates are seen in cities due to the changes of solar radiation on these different environmental materials.
Elements such as city surface materials, geometry and height of buildings, urban heat sources and air quality are the main causes of this differentiated climate.
Materials with high absorption properties such as asphalt, stone, concrete and glass used on city surfaces absorb and store heat with their dark colors, matte and rough surfaces, just like a reflector. This situation increases the energy intake and storage time of surface materials in cities. The low albedo values in the cities cause high net radiation and the temperature values increase.
Buildings cause an increase in temperature due to both their geometry and building materials. Energy from the sun is almost completely absorbed and stored by buildings. In this respect, it is possible to consider cities as black bodies. Because urban buildings absorb more heat than natural environments. While solar radiation is dispersed by reflection in open land, this reflected solar radiation is also captured by tall buildings in cities. Absorption increases in direct proportion with dark colored building materials. Higher buildings reduce air currents. Thus, heat loss by horizontal movements and convective mixing is prevented.
English 
Turkish 
Spanish 